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lichen planus

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Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a common mucocutaneous disease and is thought to affect 0.5-1% of the world's population. This condition can affect either the skin or mucosa or both. It cause bilateral white striations, papules or plaques on the buccal mucosa, tongue, and gingival. Erythema, erosions and blisters may or may not be present. The relative risk for oral lichen planus is highest among those who smokes and chewes tobacco. Aetiology:- It is T-cell mediated auto-immune disease ↓ cytotoxic CD8 + T-cell trigger apoptosis of epithelial cells ↓ recognition of antigen associated with  MHC  (Major Histocompatibility Complex) ↓ activation of CD8 + T-cell  ↓ trigger keratinocytes apoptosis ↓ activated CD8 + T-cell may release cytokines that attract additional lymphocytes into developing lesion. Clinical Features:- 1.) Affects female more (1.4:1). 2.) Probably occurs in older than 40 years. 3.) Skin lesion appears as s...

Mucocele

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         The mucous extravasation cyst is the most common be benign lesion of the salivary glands, generally conceded to be traumatic origin, is a lesion involving salivary gland and their ducts. This lesion is characterized by pooling of mucous in a cavity within the connective tissue, due to the rupture of salivary duct or in or acini It is not a true cyst since it lack an epithelial lining.  Also known as:-     Mucus extravasation phenomenon   Mucus retention phenomenon Aetiology:- Biting the lips or cheek or pinching the lip by extraction forceps. Clinic Features:-     •  History of trauma (lip biting/pinching of lip)     •  Most frequently occure on lower lip.     •  Size in millimetres or few centimetres.     •  Dome shaped mucosal swelling.      •  Seen in children and young adults. ...